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Discover new opportunities.
Manage and eliminate threats.
SWOT Analysis (also known as TOWS analysis) is a powerful technique
for understanding your Strengths and Weaknesses,
and for looking at the Opportunities and Threats you face.
Used in a business context, it helps you carve a sustainable
niche in your market. Used in a personal context,
it helps you develop your career in a way that takes best
advantage of your talents, abilities and opportunities.
Click here for Business SWOT Analysis, here for Personal SWOT Analysis.
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What makes SWOT particularly powerful is that, with a little thought,
it can help you uncover opportunities that you are well placed
to take advantage of. And by understanding the weaknesses of your business,
you can manage and eliminate threats that would otherwise catch you unawares.
More than this, by looking at yourself and your competitors using the SWOT
framework, you can start to craft a strategy that helps you distinguish
yourself from your competitors, so that you can compete successfully in
your market.
To carry out a SWOT Analysis, print off our free worksheet,
and write down answers to the following questions:
＜Strengths:＞
What advantages does your company have?
What do you do better than anyone else?
What unique or lowest-cost resources do you have access to?
What do people in your market see as your strengths?
Consider this from an internal perspective, and from the point of view
of your customers and people in your market. And be realistic:
It's far too easy to fall prey to "not invented here syndrome".
Also, if you are having any difficulty with this, try writing down a
list of your characteristics. Some of these will hopefully be strengths!
In looking at your strengths, think about them in relation to your
competitors - for example, if all your competitors provide high
quality products, then a high quality production process is not a
strength in the market, it is a necessity.
＜Weaknesses: ＞
What could you improve?
What should you avoid?
What are people in your market likely to see as weaknesses?
Again, consider this from an internal and external basis:
Do other people seem to perceive weaknesses that you do not see?
Are your competitors doing any better than you?
It is best to be realistic now, and face any unpleasant truths as soon as possible.
＜Opportunities: ＞
Where are the good opportunities facing you?
What are the interesting trends you are aware of?
Useful opportunities can come from such things as:
Changes in technology and markets on both a broad and narrow scale
Changes in government policy related to your field
Changes in social patterns, population profiles, lifestyle changes, etc.
Local Events
A useful approach to looking at opportunities is to look at your
strengths and ask yourself whether these open up any opportunities.
＜Threats: ＞
What obstacles do you face?
What is your competition doing?
Are the required specifications for your job, products or services changing?
Is changing technology threatening your position?
Do you have bad debt or cash-flow problems?
Could any of your weaknesses seriously threaten your business?
Carrying out this analysis will often be illuminating - both in terms of
pointing out what needs to be done, and in putting problems into perspective.
Strengths and weaknesses are often internal to your organization.
Opportunities and threats often relate to external factors.
For this reason the SWOT Analysis is sometimes called Internal-External
Analysis and the SWOT Matrix is sometimes called an IE Matrix Analysis Tool.
You can also apply SWOT Analysis to your competitors. As you do this,
you'll start to see how and where you should compete against them.
Example:
A start-up small consultancy business might draw up the following
SWOT or TOWS matrix:
Strengths:
We are able to respond very quickly as we have no red tape,
no need for higher management approval, etc.
We are able to give really good customer care,
as the current small amount of work means we have plenty of time to devote to customers
Our lead consultant has strong reputation within the market
We can change direction quickly if we find that our marketing is not working
We have little overhead, so can offer good value to customers
Weaknesses:
Our company has no market presence or reputation
We have a small staff with a shallow skills base in many areas
We are vulnerable to vital staff being sick, leaving, etc.
Our cash flow will be unreliable in the early stages
Opportunities:
Our business sector is expanding, with many future opportunities for success
Our local council wants to encourage local businesses with work where possible
Our competitors may be slow to adopt new technologies
Threats:
Will developments in technology change this market beyond our ability to adapt?
A small change in focus of a large competitor might wipe out any market position we achieve
The consultancy may therefore decide to specialize in rapid response,
good value services to local businesses. Marketing would be in selected
local publications, to get the greatest possible market presence for a
set advertising budget. The consultancy should keep up-to-date with
changes in technology where possible.
Key points:
SWOT Analysis is a simple but powerful framework for analyzing your
company's Strengths and Weaknesses, and the Opportunities and Threats you face.
This helps you to focus on your strengths, minimize threats,
and take the greatest possible advantage of opportunities available to you．
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